1    How many parts are photovoltaic modules composed of?

1. Photovoltaic cells

Battery cells are usually made of silicon materials, including monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and thin-film cells.

Crystalline silicon cell technology is based on silicon wafers as substrates, and generates electricity by separating photo generated carriers based on PN junctions. According to the differences in raw materials and battery preparation technology, crystalline silicon batteries are divided into P-type batteries and N-type batteries.

2. Glass Cover

Photovoltaic glass is a type of sodium calcium silicate hydrochloric acid glass located at the forefront of the module, protecting the solar cells from external environmental factors such as wind, rain, snow, etc. Generally, high transmittance tempered glass is used to increase light absorption efficiency. Therefore, photovoltaic glass needs to have high transparency and high reflectivity for 1200nm infrared light. Secondly, it has high mechanical strength. Impact resistant, capable of withstanding wind pressure of 2400Pa and snow pressure of 5400Pa, providing support and protection.

3. EVA film (EVA encapsulation)

However, it has disadvantages such as high water vapor penetration, low impact resistance, and unstable PID resistance. POE film has low water vapor permeability and good resistance to PID, making it suitable for packaging double glass components and N-type components. However, it has poor processing properties and high costs.

4. Backsheet

5. Aluminum Frame

Used to support and protect the structure of photovoltaic modules, provide mechanical strength of the modules, support the connection carrier between the modules and brackets, and use frames to improve the overall mechanical strength and load-bearing capacity of the modules, thereby extending their lifespan.

6. Junction Box

7. Photovoltaic ribbon, silicone

2    Process flow of photovoltaic modules